Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Rate of Seeds on Some Growth Criteria and Dry Matter Production of Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.)

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out at the Second Agricultural Research and Experiments Station of the College of Agriculture/University of Al-Muthanna in Al Bandar region, during the winter season (2019-2020), in order to know the effect of nitrogen fertilization and seed rate on the production of dry matter for barley crop, and the experiment was applied according to the arrangement of the split plates. According to the design of randomized complete blocks with three replications, the number of experimental units was 120 units. The experiment included the secondary factor of five seed quantities (40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 kg ha-1) and the main factor included 4 levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha-1). The results showed that the rate of seed were significantly superior in most of the growth characteristics and dry matter of the barley crop, where the rate of seeds 80 kg ha-1 outperformed in the characteristics of plant height, dry weight of the stem, dry weight of leaves, dry weight of ears and dry weight of the plant, where their averages were (96.64 cm, 10.34 g, 7.20 g, 4.78 g and 22.3 g) respectively, while the level of 120 kg ha-1 seed rate outperformed in increasing the area of the flag leaf, which amounted to 23.67 cm 2, and the lowest seed level 40 kg ha-1 gave an increase in the length of the spike, which reached 7.06 cm. As for nitrogen fertilizer levels, the levels were significantly higher in all studied traits, where the amount of fertilizer 100 kg ha-1 outperformed in all studied traits, plant height (100.20 cm) and area leaf flag (24.38 cm 2), the number of tillers (8.38 tillers Plant-1, the length of the spike (6.92 cm), the dry weight of the stem (10.84 g), the leaves (7.29 g), the spikes (5.38 g), and the dry weight of the whole plant (23.51 g). As for the interaction between the rate of seed and nitrogen fertilization, the combination (80 kg ha-1 seed ∗ 100 kg ha-1 nitrogen) outperformed and gave the highest averages for most of the studied traits. And the weight of the full bat where their averages were (13.20, 10.51, 7.37 and 31.07 g) respectively.