Evaluation of cross-protection between FMD serotypes O and A local Egyptian isolate with vaccinal strains in the local commercial and imported vaccines by challenge test

Abstract

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious and economically devastating viral disease of cloven-hoofed animals. In Egypt, the local commercial (trivalent O Panasia-2/A Iran-05/ SAT2/EGY-A-2012) and imported (trivalent O Manisa /A Iran-05/ SAT2/EGY-A-2012) inactivated vaccines were used for rapid control of the disease. We aimed to determine the cross protection between FMD virus serotypes O and A local Egyptian isolate with vaccinal strains in the local commercial and imported vaccines using challenge experiment. By the 7th day post challenge with either O/EGY-4-2012 or A/EGY/1/2012 isolates, the vaccinated cattle with either local commercial or imported vaccine were clinically protected by 100% with local commercial vaccine and 80% with imported vaccine for O/EGY-4-2012. The protection values were 100% and 80% with cattle challenged with A/EGY/1/2012 and vaccinated with a local commercial or imported vaccine respectively. In conclusion, FMD virus Egyptian isolates O and A was antigenically similar to that of vaccinal strains in local commercial and imported vaccines which provide good protection.