Negative Hyperselection of Patients with HER2+ and RAS Wild-Type Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Receiving Dual HER2 Blockade: the PRESSING-HER2 Study

Abstract

Purpose: To demonstrate the negative prognostic impact of a panel of genomic alterations (PRESSING-HER2 panel) and lack of HER2 amplification by next-generation sequencing (NGS) in patients with HER2þ, RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer receiving dual HER2 blockade. Experimental Design: The PRESSING-HER2 panel of HER2 mutations/rearrangements and RTK/MAPK mutations/amplifications was assessed by NGS. HER2 amplification was confirmed by NGS if copy-number variation (CNV) was ≥ 6. With a case–control design, hypothesizing 30% and 5% PRESSING-HER2 positivity in resistant [progression-free survival (PFS) <4 months and no RECIST response] versus sensitive cohorts, respectively, 35 patients were needed per group. Results: PRESSING-HER2 alterations included HER2 mutations/ rearrangements, EGFR amplification, and BRAF mutations and had a prevalence of 27% (9/33) and 3% (1/35) in resistant versus sensitive patients (P ¼ 0.005) and 63% predictive accuracy. Overall, HER2 nonamplified status by NGS had 10% prevalence. Median PFS and overall survival (OS) were worse in PRESSING-HER2þ versus negative (2.2 vs. 5.3 months, P < 0.001; 5.4 vs. 14.9 months, P ¼ 0.001) and in HER2 nonamplified versus amplified (1.6 vs. 5.2 months, P < 0.001; 7.4 vs. 12.4 months, P ¼ 0.157). These results were confirmed in multivariable analyses [PRESSING-HER2 positivity: PFS HR ¼ 3.06, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.40–6.69, P ¼ 0.005; OS HR ¼ 2.93, 95% CI, 1.32–6.48, P ¼ 0.007]. Combining PRESSING-HER2 and HER2 CNV increased the predictive accuracy to 75%. Conclusions: PRESSING-HER2 panel and HER2 nonamplified status by NGS warrant validation as potential predictive markers in this setting.