Effect on vestibular function of cochlear implantation by partial deafness treatment–electro acoustic stimulation (PDT–EAS)

Abstract

Purpose: Although the cochlear implantation procedure does not interfere with vestibular structures directly, both the vestibulum and the cochlea share the same inner ear fluid space, and this fluid may be responsible for transferring possibly damaging forces from one to the other. The purpose of the study is to assess postoperative vestibular function after partial deafness treatment–electro-acoustic stimulation (PDT–EAS) cochlear implantation. Methods: Fifty-five patients were included in the study (30 females, 25 males, age 11–80, mean 41.8 ± 19.35). cVEMP and oVEMP were performed preoperatively and 1–3 months after cochlear implantation. Caloric and vHIT tests were conducted preoperatively and 4–6 months after cochlear implantation. Results: Our study shows that, based on a wide range of electrodes, use of PDT–EAS is protective in terms of preserving vestibular function. It gives a rate of saccular damage of 15.79%, utricular damage of 19.04%, and a horizontal semicircular canal response reduction of 15.79%. Conclusions: PDT–EAS is protective in terms of preserving vestibular function. Nevertheless, it should be emphasized that the risk of vestibular damage cannot be totally eliminated even when hearing preservation techniques are adopted.