Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Inputs for Planning the Implementation of Nature-based Solutions in Urban Contexts

Abstract

Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) and Nature-based Solutions (NbS) constitute an alternative approach for managing water and ecosystems that need to be integrated with local regulations. In this context, effective knowledge transfer is essential to include NbS guidelines derived from quantitative analysis in planning tools. Hence, this research proposes a methodology that assesses the needs and opportunities for providing ecosystem services at a site in order to generate NbS recommendations focused on stormwater management. The methodology has two parts (i.e., spatial analysis and landscape design) and the city and local planning unit scales. Also, it evaluates three analysis units to tie urban and NbS planning: 20*20 m cell, Local Climate Subzones (LCSZ), and Local Climate Zones (LCZ). The first part identifies priorities and opportunities —by calculating two indices that weigh multiple criteria related to ecosystem services— NbS types, processes, and area percentages for stormwater management. The second part tests the usefulness of these spatial and numerical outcomes to support NbS landscape design. The methodology is implemented in the city of Bogotá (Colombia). Results show LCSZ’s potential as a planning unit for the case study conditions to identify intervention zones and devise replicable strategies. Also, area percentages constituted a guide to integrating various NbS types into the design and recognizing insufficient coverage for stormwater management.