Chemotherapy and novel systemic approaches in the treatment of metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer

Abstract

This chapter serves as a review of the current standard systemic treatment options available for metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer as well as the concepts and rationale behind the various targeted agents that are currently in clinical testing with an emphasis on those agents that have entered into later phase clinical trials. In particular, agents targeting androgen receptor activation and local steroidogenesis, the insulin-like growth factor pathway, chaperone proteins, angiogenesis, RANK ligand, endothelin receptors, Src family kinases, and immunomodulatory agents will be reviewed. Novel agents that have come to interest based upon preclinical rationale and early-phase trial data will also be reviewed including multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors, agents affecting signal transduction pathways, and novel cytotoxics.