Circumstances and factors associated with accidental deaths among children, adolescents and young adults in Cuiaba, Brazil

  • Martins C
  • Mello-Jorge M
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Abstract

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Analysis on accidents from the perspective of population segments shows there is higher incidence among children, adolescents and young adults. Since the characteristics and circunstances of the event are closely related to educational, economic, social and cultural issues, identifying them may contribute towards minimizing the causes, which are often fatal. The aim here was to identify the environmental, chemical, biological and cultural factors associated with deaths due to accidents among children, adolescents and young adults in Cuiabá, in 2009. DESIGN AND SETTING This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. RESULTS Thirty-nine accidental deaths of individuals aged 0 to 24 years were examined: 56.4% due to traffic accidents; 25.6%, drowning; 10.3%, aspiration of milk; 5.1%, falls; and 2.6%, accidentally triggering a firearm. Male victims predominated (82.1%). The presence of chemical, environmental and biological risk factors was observed in almost all of the homes. Regarding cultural factors and habits, a large proportion of the families had no idea whether accidents were foreseeable events and others did not believe that the family's habits might favor their occurrence. Delegation of household chores or care of younger siblings to children under the age of 10 was common among the families studied. CONCLUSION The results point towards the need to have safe and healthy behavioral patterns and environments, and to monitor occurrences of accidents, thereby structuring and consolidating the attendance provided for victims.CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO Ao analisar os acidentes sob o prisma dos segmentos populacionais, observa-se grande incidência em crianças, adolescentes e jovens. A frequência e as características e circunstâncias do evento estão intimamente relacionadas com fatores educacionais, econômicos, sociais e culturais, e a identificação desses fatores pode contribuir para minimizar essas causas, muitas vezes fatais. O objetivo foi identificar os fatores ambientais, químicos, biológicos e culturais associados com óbitos por acidentes, ocorridos entre crianças, adolescentes e jovens em Cuiabá, em 2009. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL Este é um estudo descritivo, transversal, realizado em Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil. RESULTADOS Foram analisados 39 óbitos acidentais ocorridos de 0 a 24 anos (56,4% por acidente de transporte, 25,6% por afogamento, 10,3% por aspiração de leite, 5,1% por queda e 2,6% por disparo acidental de arma de fogo). Houve predomínio no sexo masculino (82,1%). Observou-se a presença de fatores químicos, ambientais e biológicos na quase totalidade das residências. Quanto aos fatores culturais e hábitos, grande parte das famílias não soube referir se o acidente constitui evento previsível e outra parte não acredita que os hábitos da família favorecem sua ocorrência. Delegar aos filhos menores de 10 anos os afazeres domésticos ou o cuidado de irmãos menores é comum entre as famílias estudadas. CONCLUSÃO Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de adotar comportamentos e ambientes seguros e saudáveis, bem como monitorizar a ocorrência dos acidentes, estruturando e consolidando o atendimento às vítimas.

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APA

Martins, C. B. de G., & Mello-Jorge, M. H. P. de. (2013). Circumstances and factors associated with accidental deaths among children, adolescents and young adults in Cuiaba, Brazil. Sao Paulo Medical Journal, 131(4), 228–237. https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2013.1314459

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