Home parenteral nutrition in patients with intestinal failure: Possible undetected complications

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Abstract

Background: Septic pulmonary embolism (SPE) may be a frequently undetected complication of central venous catheter (CVC)-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs). Materials and Methods: The incidence of SPE was evaluated in a cohort of non-oncological patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) who were hospitalized for a CRBSI from January 2013 to December 2017. The main clinical, microbiological, and radiological features and the therapeutic approach were also described. Results: Twenty-three infections over 51,563 days of HPN therapy were observed, corresponding to an infection rate of 0.45/1000. In 10 out of the 23 cases (43.5%), pulmonary lesions compatible with SPE were identified. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that a CRBSI can produce asymptomatic SPE with lung infiltrates in 43.5% of the cases, suggesting the need to check for secondary lung infections to choose the most appropriate antimicrobial therapy.

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Santarpia, L., Viceconte, G., Foggia, M., Alfonsi, L., Tosone, G., Camera, L., … Pasanisi, F. (2019). Home parenteral nutrition in patients with intestinal failure: Possible undetected complications. Nutrients, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11030581

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