Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Bovine Brucellosis in Chhattisgarh Plains, India

Abstract

Background: Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease, which mostly affects cattle causing abortion and infertility and thereby huge economical loss. Hence, it is highly essential to assess the status of the disease through proper diagnostic methods and accordingly prevention strategies may be taken for control and eradication. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in plain zone of Chhattisgarh to record the prevalence of bovine brucellosis and to analyse its associated risk factors during April' 2018-January' 2019. A total of 920 bovine sera samples were collected from nonvaccinated cross bred and non-descriptive cattle through multistage sampling. All the sera samples were screened with RBPT and indirect ELISA for detection of anti-Brucella antibody. Result: The prevalence of brucellosis in cattle was found to be 21.3% (196/920) by i-ELISA and 14.24% (131/920) by RBPT. The risk association of several factors with the prevalence of brucellosis was figured through binary logistic regression analysis, where the risk of prevalence was higher among female cattle, in the Balod district and during winter season. The study indicated that sex, season and district has significant (p≤0.05) risk associated to the prevailing anti-Brucella antibody, which will further help in designing strategic prevention and control program of the disease.