Adapting Oral Care Protocols to Support Children with Sensory Sensitivities: Occupational Therapy and Dentistry

Abstract

Sensory sensitivities occur when people notice stimuli present in daily life more so than others and perceive those stimuli as noxious. This perception often leads to exaggerated and often aversive behavioral responses. Sensory sensitivities are commonly experienced by children with special healthcare needs and have the potential to negatively impact diet, oral care practices in the home, and professional dental treatment. There is a need for a holistic and comprehensive approach to consider the myriad of potential sensory-related barriers that individuals with sensory sensitivities may encounter during oral care. Occupational therapists are ideal collaborators for caregivers and dental providers when working to identify and develop strategies to address these sensory-related oral care challenges. Strategies in the home may include the use of visual supports and sensory-based strategies. In the dental office, strategies may include preparation and practice prior to the dental visit, sensory-specific adaptations to the waiting room and dental office environments, and modifications to the sensory stimuli encountered during dental treatment itself.