New Approaches in Reclamation of Degraded Soils with Special Reference to Sodic Soil: An Indian Experience

Abstract

The study was conducted in sodic soil (alkali soil) having pH 10.5 and ESP 35.0 for reclamation with graded doses of gypsum applied with press mud organic matter and bio amelioration by planting forest tree species along with forage grasses. The highest yield was obtained at 50% gypsum (CaSO4, 2H(2)0) application, which was comparable with gypsum applied at 25% gypsum requirement (GR) value with press mud in the rate of 10 t ha(-1). It is inferred that bio-amelioration resulted not only in decreasing pH but also in substantial improvement in organic matter and available P in the soil. This technique was found viable and eco-friendly, meaning that could be expanded on large scale in the country with the participation of fanners. Because of impeded drainage conditions, moisture retention at low tension near saturation assumes importance in alkali soils. Leaching of excess soluble salts by addition of water through frequent irrigation is helpful for reclaiming sodic soils.