A New Tool in Regenerative Medicine: Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome

Abstract

Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) have been discovered and derived from numerous somatic tissue sources and have been extensively studied as a potential cellular therapy product in the realm of regenerative medicine. MSC cell-based therapy has been demonstrated to be safe and effective in several pre- clinical models encompassing numerous disease states. It is becoming apparent that the paracrine effect or the secretome of the MSCs has a major role in tissue repair. This tissue repair is mediated via trophic factors that; reduce tissue injury, recruit endogenous progenitor cells, positively influence angiogenesis, inflammation, cytoprotection, metabolic modulation and anti-apoptotic factors. In addition, several recent discoveries suggest that lipid microvesicles released by MSCs may also be important for the physiological function of these cells and also play a role in the paracrine effect. This current review will discuss the potential use of these tropic factors in the treatment of various diseases and other questions surrounding this type of therapy