Pengaruh Latihan Kekuatan terhadap Restless Legs Syndrome Pasien Hemodialisis

  • Widianti A
  • et al.
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Abstract

Abstrak Restless legs syndrome (RLS) adalah gangguan sensorimotor yang banyak terjadi pada pasien hemodialisis (HD). Terapi farmakologi merupakan pilihan utama penanganan RLS yang justru berisiko menimbulkan efek samping. Optimalisasi fisik pasien HD melalui latihan kekuatan dinilai berpotensi efektif memperbaiki restless legs syndrome. Belum terdapat penelitian yang mengklarifikasi pengaruh latihan kekuatan terhadap RLS. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh latihan kekuatan terhadap skala RLS pada pasien HD di Unit Hemodialisis di RS Margono Soekardjo dan RSUD Banyumas. Metode quasi eksperimen dengan pre-post test with control group design ini menggunakan sampel sebanyak 32 pasien HD (15 pasien intervensi dan 17 pasien kontrol) dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Cluster random sampling dalam penelitian ini adalah penggunaan tempat penelitian sebagai kelas, yaitu satu rumah sakit untuk intervensi dan rumah sakit lainnya digunakan untuk kontrol. Latihan kekuatan pada ekstremitas atas dan bawah diberikan 2 minggu sekali saat proses hemodialisis berlangsung selama 8 minggu. Skala RLS diukur menggunakan IRLS Scale. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan uji t tidak berpasangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan antar kelompok dari usia, ureum, adekuasi, lama HD, jenis kelamin, penyakit kormobid maupun penggunaan obat. Antar kelompok memperlihatkan terdapat perbedaan nilai TIBC (p=0,000). Skala RLS kelompok intervensi menunjukan perbaikan dengan selisih mean-1 yang menandakan penuruan skala, adapun pada kelompok kontrol justru terlihat peningkatan kondisi RLS dengan selisih mean 1,29. Analisis antar kelompok terlihat signifikansi berbeda (p=0,035) yang menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh latihan kekuatan terhadap skala RLS. Latihan kekuatan penting sebagai bagian dalam pengelolaan pasien uremik RLS. Kata kunci: Latihan kekuatan, restless legs syndrome, skala RLS. Effect of Strength Training on Restless Legs Syndrome: Hemodialysis patients Abstrac Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a sensorimotor disorder that occurs mostly in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Pharmacological therapy is the main choice of RLS treatment that is at risk of side effects. Physical optimization of HD patients through strength training was considered as potentially effective to fix restless legs syndrome. No research has yet clarified the effect of strength training on RLS. Therefore, this study aims to identify the effect of strength training on RLS scale on HD patients in Hemodialysis Unit at Margono Soekardjo Hospital and Banyumas Hospital. The quasi experimental method with pretest and posttest with control group design was applied to 32 samples of HD patients (15 intervention patients and 17 control patients) by applying cluster random sampling technique. Cluster random sampling in this study is the use of research place as a class, for instance, one hospital for intervention group and the other one used for control group. Strength training on the upper and lower extremities is given every 2 weeks when the hemodialysis process lasts for 8 weeks. The RLS scale is measured using IRLS Scale. The collected data were analyzed using unpaired test. The results showed that there were no differences between groups of age, urea, adequacy, duration of HD, gender, comorbid disease and drug use. The inter-group showed that there is a difference in TIBC value (p = 0,000). The RLS scale of the intervention group shows improvement with the mean difference of-1 indicating the scaling of the scale, while in the control group, it is seen an increase in RLS condition with a mean difference of 1.29. Inter-group analysis showed different significance (p = 0,035) indicating that there is a significant influence of strength training to RLS scale. Thus, strength exercise is important as part of the management of uremic RLS patients.

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Widianti, A. T., Hermayanti, Y., & Kurniawan, T. (2017). Pengaruh Latihan Kekuatan terhadap Restless Legs Syndrome Pasien Hemodialisis. Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran, 5(1), 47–56. https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v5n1.6

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