Quality Comparison of Biosimilar and Copy Filgrastim Products with the Innovator Product

Abstract

Purpose: Filgrastim, a recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, is widely used to treat congenital and acquired neutropenia. Following patent expiration of the innovator filgrastim product, biosimilar filgrastim products have been approved in the EU and shown to be comparable with the innovator with respect to quality, safety and efficacy. In less regulated markets, copy filgrastim products are available but data about their quality are scarce. In the present study, we provide a head-to-head comparative study on the quality of biosimilar and copy filgrastim products. Methods: Innovator filgrastim product, Neupogen®, two EU-licensed biosimilars, Zarzio® and Tevagrastim®, and two copy filgrastim products, Biocilin® and PDgrastim®, were subjected to peptide mapping, circular dichroism spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, high performance size-exclusion chromatography, reversed-phase ultra-performance liquid chromatography, endotoxin test, flow imaging microscopy and in vitro potency assay. Results: Zarzio® and Tevagrastim® have comparable quality to Neupogen®, while Biocilin® showed a significantly lower and PDgrastim® a higher specific activity. Moreover, PDgrastim® showed a higher level of impurities and a lower thermo stability than the other products. Conclusions: Except for the deviating specific activities of the two copy filgrastim products, we found no substantial differences in product quality between the filgrastim products studied.