Effects of proprioceptive exercises for patients with chronic low back and neck pain: A systematic review

Abstract

Background.‐ Proprioceptive training (PrT) is applied as rehabilitative exercise method in various settings. Its effect on pain and function is only poorly evaluated. This systematic review aimed at summarising and analysing the existing data on the effects of PrT in rehabilitation of chronic (> 3 months) neck or back pain patients. Methods.‐ Two authors screened search results from relevant databases from inception to December 2012. Randomised controlled trials comparing PrT with conventional therapies or with no interventions were included if they reported pain and functional outcomes in patients with neck‐ or low back pain. Data was extracted and rated by one author and crosschecked by another. Results.‐ Fifteen studies (five neck pain), described interventions related to PrT (1994‐2012). PrT was described as perceptive exercises, as postural or balance exercises, or as head‐eye coordination exercise. Quality was fair to good (PEDro 4‐10/11) and RoB was moderate. Three studies reporting significant group effects in favour of PrT were compared to non‐exercise interventions, one to exercise intervention. Discussion.‐ Methodological heterogeneity as well as missing data hindered quantitative analysis. A descriptive summary of the evidence shows that there is no consistent benefit in adding proprioceptive therapy to conventional therapy when compared to other exercise interventions.