Chemical Characters of the Gaseous Phase in Different Stages of Volcanism: Precursors and Volcanic Activity

Abstract

Part I: Volcano monitoring: techniques and case histories. A review of volcano geophysics and volcano-monitoring methods (Scarpa and Gasparini). New methods and future trends in seismological volcano monitoring (Chouet). Seismic monitoring and eruption forecasting of volcanoes: a review of the state-of-the-art and case histories (mcNutt). Ground-deformation methods and results (Van der Laat). Microgravity Monitoring (Rymer). Chemical characters of the gaseous phase in different stages of volcanicsm: precursors and volcanic activity (Martini). Chemical composition of volcanic gases (Giggenbach). Satellite monitoring of volcanoes (Francis, Wadge and Mouginis-Mark). Detection of explosive eruptions and regional tracking of volcanic ash clouds with geostationary meteorological satellite (GMS) (Sawada). The integrated mobile volcano-monitoring system used by the volcano disaster assistance program (VDAP) (Murray, Ewert, Lockhart and LaHusen). Part II: Modeling of monitoring data and eruptive phenomena. Ground deformation modeling in volcanic areas (De Natale and Pingue). Physical modeling of collapsing volcanic columns and pyroclastic flows (Neri and Macedonio). Modeling of tephra fallout from explosive eruptions (Carey). Physical Modeling of eruptive phenomena: lahars (Pareschi). Patterns and predictability in the emplacement of subaerial lava flow and flow fields (Kilburn). Part III: volcano hazards and risk assessment. Hazards of large volcanic debris avalanches and associated eruptive phenomena (Siebert). Hazardous crater lakes (Kusakabe). Long-term probabilistic analysis of future explosive eruptions (De La Cruz-Reyna). Quantitative reconstruction of recent volcanic activity: a contribution to forecasting of future eruptions (Rosi). Volcanic hazards risk assessment (Blong). Part IV: Volcanic emergency management. Mitigation measures and preparedness plans for volcanic emergencies (Peterson). The management of volcanic emergencies: Nevado del Ruiz (Voight). The problem of volcanic unrest: the Campi Flegrei case history (Barberi and Carapezza). Volcanic emergency management in Japan: case histories of Izu-Oshima and Unzen (Shimozuru). The narrow margin of successful volcanic-risk mitigation (Newhall and Punongbayan).