Efeito do sortimento da madeira na produtividade e custo do forwarder no desbaste comercial de Pinus taeda

Abstract

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the wood assortments on forwarder productivity and cost of the extraction operation in pinus stands submitted the commercial thinning. The research was carried out in a forest company, located in Parana State, Brazil, in a 10 years old stand of Pinus taeda submitted to its first thinning. The wood extraction operation with forwarder through two operational models was studied: (1) simultaneous extraction of two wood assortments for cellulose and bole within the same operational cycle and subsequent piling of wood separately next the roadside; and (2) extraction of a same wood assortment within the same operational cycle and unloading of wood on the roadside. The technical analysis included a movement and timing study by continuous method to determine the operational efficiency, productivity and energy consumption. The cost analysis included operational and production costs parameters in operational models of wood extraction. The results showed that the operational efficiency of the forwarder was 62% in both extraction wood models, caused mainly by mechanical interruption. The average productivity of the forwarder in the operational models 1 and 2 was 13.5 and 15.9 m3 h-1, respectively, with significant difference (P <0.05). The new extraction model allowed an increase of productivity and reduction of production cost by about 15%, indicating this procedure to be more viable in forest stands subjected to thinning regime.