Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: Protocols and Physiological Mechanisms of Action

Abstract

Foreword -- This book has brought together scientists, clinicians, and bioengineers in order to present a constitutive overview of invasive and noninvasive neuromodulatory approaches and their potential for the treatment of various pathological states and conditions. Over the past two decades, the field of neuromodulation has enormously expanded in the means of understanding neural changes in the central nervous system that represent functional targets for neuromodulation, mechanisms that underlie the neuromodulatory effects, as well as available evidence supporting clinical applications of various neuromodulatory methods. In parallel, the field has witnessed escalating interest of medical professionals, scientists, bio- medical industry, and patients—the final “consumers” of neuromodulatory procedures. Hand- in-hand with growing knowledge, new open questions and challenges have emerged, facilitating further technological progress, translational research, clinical applications, and education in this exciting expertise of neuromodulation. As reflected in the title, this book encompasses the basic principles, methods, and current clinical applications of neuromodulation, presenting both invasive and noninvasive approaches. We thank all contributors to this book and to Springer-Verlag for generously sharing their expertise, experience, and support, reaching out to readers interested in this field