When is sensorimotor stroke a lacunar syndrome?

Abstract

Forty five patients with clear sensorium and no neurological deficits other than unilateral motor and sensory impairment underwent computed tomography (CT). Twenty patients had sensorimotor stroke with impairment of all sensory modalities (type 1). Eight had only impairment of nociceptive sensation (type 2) and 15 had only proprioceptive impairment (type 3). Two patients had sensory impairment in one limb only (type 4). Lacunes were found in patients in the first three groups. However, 80% of those who had hemiparesis and incomplete sensory loss were found to have a lacune or normal CT scan whilst only 33% of those with complete motor or sensory impairment had lacunes. It is proposed that sensorimotor stroke as a lacunar syndrome be best restricted to those with only mild to moderate hemiparesis and sensory impairment in both upper and lower limbs. The degree and extent of sensory and motor involvement may vary, however, possibly dependent on whether the thalamo-geniculate, anterior choroidal or lateral lenticulostriate artery is affected.