Tyrosinase: Sources, Structure and Applications

Abstract

Tyrosinase is the natural enzymes that can be obtained from the multiple sources like bacteria, fungi, plants and mammals and can only purified to a very low degree. Different microbial strains were reported for efficient tyrosinases production like Streptomyces glaucescens, Agaricus bisporus and Neurospora crassa. This enzymes is mainly involved in two step process i.e. hydroxylation of monophenols and oxidation of O-diphnols for production of many pigments (black or brown pigments). Tyrosinase is useful in different industries such as food, biomedical and pharmaceutical. Apart from that they can be applied for bioremediation. Waste water or contaminated soil containing phenolic compounds can be detoxified through their action. Melanin pigment formed under the activity of tyrosinases is good protection for mammals against UV radiations as well