Diagnosis of venous thromboembolism using clinical pretest probability rules, D-dimer assays, and imaging techniques

Abstract

Venous thromboembolism is a significant clinical entity that includes two associated medical disorders: deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. The goal of this article is to describe the optimal approach to evaluating venous thromboembolism including pretest probability clinical decision rules and appropriate testing to ensure an accurate diagnosis.