Optoelectrokinetic Manipulation for Cell Analysis

Abstract

Rapid advancement of microfluidic technology in the recent years has opened a new era for biological diagnostics. The demands for fast response, multi-functionality, non-invasiveness, and programmability boost the developments in many fields, such as tissue engineering, cell analysis, and molecular biology. For this trend, an appropriate manipulation tool is pivotal to the success of all applications. In this chapter, we explore two newly developed optoelectrokinetic techniques, termed rapid electrokinetic patterning (REP) and optoelectronic tweezers (OETs), from the fundamental principles to their applications in cell-related research. Details about fabrications, setups, and assessments are also thoroughly discussed. Both techniques are enabled by a deliberate integration of light and electric fields, therefore imparting them the unique abilities to dynamically manipulate biological targets. Unlike some well-adopted techniques, such as dielectrophoresis (DEP), REP and OETs feature high flexibility in manipulation. Their repertoire of manipulation includes, but not limited to, micro/nano concentration, sorting, translation, single particle trapping, and patterning. By combining with optoelectrowetting (OEW), a cross-scale platform suitable for multiple purposes can be even achieved. The multi-functionality endows the optoelectrokinetic manipulation the potential to further extend the cell analysis in all aspects.