Diaphragm ultrasound as a predictor of successful extubation from mechanical ventilation

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Abstract

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate if ultrasound derived measures of diaphragm thickening, rather than diaphragm motion, can be used to predict extubation success or failure. Methods: Sixty-three mechanically ventilated patients were prospectively recruited. Diaphragm thickness (tdi) was measured in the zone of apposition of the diaphragm to the rib cage using a 7-10 MHz ultrasound transducer. The percent change in tdi between end-expiration and end-inspiration (Δtdi%) was calculated during either spontaneous breathing (SB) or pressure support (PS) weaning trials. A successful extubation was defined as SB for >48 h following endotracheal tube removal. Results: Of the 63 subjects studied, 27 patients were weaned with SB and 36 were weaned with PS. The combined sensitivity and specificity of Δtdi%≥30% for extubation success was 88% and 71%, respectively. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 91% and 63%, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.79 for Δtdi%. Conclusions: Ultrasound measures of diaphragm thickening in the zone of apposition may be useful to predict extubation success or failure during SB or PS trials.

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Dinino, E., Gartman, E. J., Sethi, J. M., & McCool, F. D. (2014). Diaphragm ultrasound as a predictor of successful extubation from mechanical ventilation. Thorax, 69(5), 423–427. https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204111

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