Poly Adenosine Diphosphate-Ribose Polymerase (PARP) Inhibitors in Pancreatic Cancer

Abstract

Pancreatic cancer is the third most common cause of cancer death in the United States and eleventh worldwide. The majority of patients present with advanced disease with five-year overall survival of less than 10%. Traditional chemotherapy has been the mainstay treatment for years, with limited improvement in survival. Relative success has been achieved with agents targeting the DNA damage repair (DDR) mechanisms with poly adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. The initial benefit was observed in patients with germline breast cancer-associated (BRCA) mutations. Multiple trials are now underway exploring PARP inhibitors in other DDR mutations such as the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene and the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) gene (familial atypical multiple mole and melanoma syndrome), mismatch repair genes (Lynch syndrome), and others. PARP inhibitors are being evaluated as a single agent or combination chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and maintenance after chemotherapy. Here, we review current clinical trials targeting various DDR mutations and treatment strategies.