Laser complications: Etiology and management

Abstract

Currently there are many esthetic lasers and IPL devices available for use. Many wavelengths and filters exist for the treatment of a variety of conditions from hair reduction to vascular lesions, tattoos, and collagen thickening. Understanding these devices together with their correct use will enhance outcomes and limit complications. A basic knowledge of laser physics and laser-tissue interactions is critical in order to maximize results and eliminate adverse sequalae. This chapter will review various technologies, contraindications for each technology, laser physics as it relates to practical use of each technology, and common pitfalls. The role of wavelength, pulse width, fluence, and cooling will be reviewed in relation to possible adverse sequalae. Complications for different technologies will be covered along with clinical pearls on how these complications may be avoided. Clinical examples of complications will be shown. Finally, acute and chronic management of burns and other side effects will be covered.