Association between sickle cell disease and dental caries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Objectives: Although dental caries has been widely reported in individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD), there is still controversial in the literature regarding the association between SCD and dental caries. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate whether individuals with SCD have more dental caries than individuals with non-SCD. Methods: PubMed and Embase databases were searched for eligible studies. The parameters of the permanent decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index and the permanent decayed, missing and filled surface (DMFS) index were considered as outcome measures. The overall meta-analyses of the DMFT and DMFS index and various subgroup analyses (caries components, age, and genotypes) of DMFT index were performed to calculate the weighted mean differences (WMD) between patients with SCD and non-SCD individuals. Results: A total of 9 studies covering 1478 individuals were included in this meta-analysis. The results of overall meta-analyses indicated that the scores of the DMFT and DMFS index were not significantly different between patients with SCD and non-SCD participants. The results of subgroup analyses by caries components, age, and genotypes showed no significant difference in most items. The result of the missing teeth was significantly lower in patients with SCD than in non-SCD individuals (WMD, −0.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.25 to −0.03; P = 0.01). Discussion and Conclusions: The results revealed that compared with non-SCD individuals, patients with SCD did not suffer from worse dental caries. Considering the limitations, further well-designed studies are necessary to reveal the association between SCD and dental caries.