Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on The Behavior of Patients with Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been known to be one of the most common causes of death in the community. One of the factors that affect the condition of patients with cardiovascular disease is unhealthy behavior. Cognitive-behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a therapy to improve patient behavior from bad to better behavior. This study aims to synthesize various research results on the effect of Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT) on the behavior of patients with cardiovascular disease. Materials and Methods: Systematic review. A literature search was carried out on international journal databases, namely Scopus, Science Direct, and PubMed, from 2016 to 2021. The synthesized articles were those that met the PICOS inclusion criteria, namely Population = people with cardiovascular disease. Intervention = cognitive behavioral therapy. Comparison = usual care. Outcome = healthy behavior, study design: trial. The keywords used in the search were “Cognitive Behavioral Therapy” AND “cardiovascular”. Result: There are 416 articles found in the search. Articles were identified and screened resulting in seven articles that met the inclusion criteria. The results of this study found that the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on cardiovascular disease patients were able to overcome insomnia or rest and sleep disorders, overcome anxiety, stress, and symptoms of depression, improve lifestyle and healthy living behaviors such as physical activity, and reduce smoking habits, and a healthy diet, improved coping skills and pain control, and improved mental health and quality of life of patients with cardiovascular disease. The average duration of therapy was 7.95 or about 8 weeks. Conclusion: CBT is effective in improving various healthy behaviors in patients with cardiovascular disease. However, pharmacological therapy or treatment regimens remain the main ones supported by CBT to produce a better impact on the health of CVD patients.