Replication, refinement & reachability: complexity in dynamic condition-response graphs

Abstract

We explore the complexity of reachability and run-time refinement under safety and liveness constraints in event-based process models. Our study is framed in the DCR⋆ process language, which supports modular specification through a compositional operational semantics. DCR⋆ encompasses the “Dynamic Condition Response (DCR) graphs” declarative process model for analysis, execution and safe run-time refinement of process-aware information systems; including replication of sub-processes. We prove that event-reachability and refinement are np-hard for DCR⋆ processes without replication, and that these finite state processes recognise exactly the languages that are the union of a regular and an ω-regular language. Moreover, we prove that event-reachability and refinement are undecidable in general for DCR⋆ processes with replication and local events, and we provide a tractable approximation for refinement. A prototype implementation of the DCR⋆ language is available at http://dcr.tools/acta16.