Sorção de água em compósitos de poliéster insaturado reforçados com tecido de juta e juta/vidro: Modelagem, simulação e experimentação

Abstract

Studies on composites reinforced with natural flbers show that the difficulties associated to the use of the vegetable flbers as reinforcement in polymer composites are frequently related to moisture absorption. The presence of moisture leads to imperfect impregnation and weak fiber-matrix interfacial adhesion, leading to the appearance of internal tensions, porosity, and premature failure of the system. This problem can be reduced by employing hybrid fiber weaved or knitted fabrics. This work is aimed at studying water sorption in composites of jute and jute/glass. The compression molded unsaturated polyester composites reinforced with jute fabric and a hybrid jute-glass fabric had the following weight compositions: a) 26% jute/74% unsaturated polyester; and b) 26% jute/32% glass roving/42% unsaturated polyester and dimensions of 20.00 × 20.00 × 2.30 mm3 and 20.00 × 20.00 × 2.82 mm3, respectively. A three-dimensional transient diffusion mathematical model was developed to predict mass transfer during water absorption. The mathematical formulation was numerically solved using a finite-volume method and an implicit interpolation scheme. The results of moisture content distribution inside these composites and water absorption kinetics are shown and analyzed. The knowledge of this moisture distribution allows verifying more favorable areas for delamination due to the weakness of the fiber-matrix interface and consequently reduction in the mechanical properties.