The impact of lower urinary tract symptomatology on urine volumes in stone formers

Abstract

Introduction: We aimed to determine if there is a correlation between International Prostate Symptom scores (IPSS) and 24-hour urine collection volumes, as patients experiencing lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) may have impaired ability to increase fluid intake for stone prevention. Methods: A single-center, retrospective review was performed of stone formers presenting from 2014‒2016. Inclusion criteria were completion of an IPSS questionnaire and a 24-hour urine collection. Exclusion criteria included symptomatic stone or urinary tract infection at time of IPSS completion, inadequate 24-hour collection, or incomplete IPSS questionnaire. Results: A total of 131 patients met inclusion criteria. Stratification by IPSS severity into mild (0‒7), moderate (8‒19), and severe (20‒35) yielded groups of n=96, 28, and 7, respectively. Linear regression modelling did not reveal a correlation between IPSS score and volume (p=0.10). When compared to those with adequate urine volumes (>2 L/day, n=65), low-volume patients (<1 L/day, n=10) had a significantly higher total IPSS (11.7 vs. 6.1; p=0.036). These groups showed significant differences in their responses to questions about incomplete emptying (p=0.031), intermittency (p=0.011), and stranguria (p=0.0020), with higher scores noted in the low urine output group. Conclusions: This study is the first to examine the correlation between IPSS and 24-hour urine volume. Though our data does not show a linear relationship between urine output and IPSS, those with lower urine volumes appear to have worse self-reported voiding symptoms when compared to those with adequate volumes (>2 L/day) for stone prevention. The overall number of patients in our study is relatively small, which may account for the lack of a relationship between IPSS and 24-hour urine volumes.