Nuclear energy and nuclear waste governance: Perspectives after the Fukushima nuclear disaster

Abstract

In the 1950s and 1960s, when commercial nuclear energy was first being developed, it was portrayed as an almost miraculous and limitless form of energy that would in the future be able to meet the world’s growing energy demands. While nuclear energy did indeed grow to become an important element of electricity systems in some countries, it has been plagued by many problems and challenges. Today, the nuclear energy industry is facing challenging times that are linked to past failures in nuclear reactors, in energy utilities’ planning, competition from alternative sources of energy, concerns about safety, and the Achilles’ heel of nuclear waste.