Swallow syncope

Abstract

Swallow or deglutition syncope is a rare condition characterized by loss of consciousness that is preceded by or associated with swallowing. Dysphagia or underlying esophageal disease may not be present in all patients. The majority of patients experience brady-arrhythmias with the event. The diagnosis is suspected from the temporal relation between swallowing and the syncopal event, and confirmed by documenting concomitant swallow-induced symptoms with cardiac arrhythmias. Effort should be made to correct any underlying esophageal disease. Recurrent syncopal symptoms can be effectively prevented by placement of a cardiac pacemaker. The prognosis of deglutition syncope is generally benign although occurrence of symptoms during certain activities may subject patients to significant physical injuries.