Pengaruh Pupuk Organik Cair dan Pupuk Majemuk Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jagung Ketan (Zea mays var. ceratina)

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the benefits of providing liquid and organic fertilizers and to determine the dosage of the liquid organic fertilizer and mixed fertilizers on growth and yield of waxy corn (Zea mays var. ceratina). The study was conducted in August to November 2017 in the Wailete, Wayame Village, Teluk Ambon Subdistrict, with alluvial soil types. The experiment used factorial experiments in a randomized block design with three replications. The first factor was liquid organic fertilizer with four levels, namely: C0 = Control, C1 = 10 mL/L of water, C2 = 20 mL/L of water, C3 = 30 mL/L of water. The second factor is NPK DGW (M) mixed fertilizer with three levels, namely: M0 = Control, M1 = 2.5 g/plant, M2 = 5 g/plant. The parameters observed were plant height, leaf number, ear length, dry ear weight, 100 dry seed weight, dry kernel weight. The data from the study were analyzed using the analysis of variance method and continued with a mean difference test, according to Duncan Multiple Range Test. The treatment of liquid organic fertilizer significantly affected the observation parameters at 2, 3 and 4 weeks after planting (WAP), including ear length, dry ear weight, 100 seeds dry weight, dry kernels weight;  however, there were no significant effects on plant height at 5 and 6 WAP and leaf number at 2, 4 and 6 WAP. The mixed fertilizer treatment had significant effects on plant height at 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 MST, leaf number at 2, 4 and 6 WAP, ear length, dry ear weight, 100 seeds dry weight and dry kernel weight. Keywords: compound fertilizer, liquid organic fertilizer, waxy corn     ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis manfaat pemberian pupuk organik cair dan majemuk serta menetapkan dosis pemberian pengaruh pupuk organik cair dan pupuk majemuk terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman jagung ketan (Zea mays Ceratina). Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus sampai dengan November 2017 di Dusun Wailete, Desa Wayame, Kecamatan Teluk Ambon Baguala, dengan jenis tanah aluvial. Percobaan menggunakan percobaan faktorial dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama pupuk organik cair dengan empat taraf, yaitu: C0 = Kontrol, C1 = 10 mL/L air, C2 = 20 mL/L air, C3 = 30 mL/L air. Faktor ke dua pupuk majemuk NPK DGW (M) dengan tiga taraf, yaitu : M0 = Kontrol, M1 = 2,5 g/tanaman, M2 = 5 g/tanaman. Parameter yang diamati yaitu tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang tongkol, berat tongkol kering, berat kering 100 biji, berat Pipilan kering. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode analisis of varians dan dilanjutkan dengan uji beda rataan menurut jarak berganda Duncan. Perlakuan pupuk oragnik cair berpengaruh nyata pada parameter tinggi tanaman pada 2, 3 dan 4 MST, panjang tongkol, berat tongkol kering, berat kering 100 biji, berat Pipilan kering, berpengaruh tidak nyata pada tinggi tanaman 5 dan 6 MST dan jumlah daun pada 2, 4 dan 6 MST. Perlakuan pupuk majemuk memberikan pengaruh yang nyata pada parameter tinggi tanaman pada 2, 3, 4, 5 dan 6 MST, jumlah daun pada  2, 4 dan 6 MST, panjang tongkol, berat tongkol kering, berat kering 100 biji dan berat pipilan kering. Kata kunci: jagung ketan, pupuk majemuk, pupuk organik cair