Living machines for bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and water conservation

Abstract

This chapter describes the application of Living Machines, which are advanced ecologically engineered systems (AEES), which use natural abilities of living organisms to break down macromolecules and metabolize organic nutrients typically found in wastewater and polluted water bodies. The choice of any natural bioremediation strategy depends upon the nature and characteristics of the environment polluted, the nature of the pollutants, and the availability of the biological agents. This chapter focuses on the application of bioremediation approaches in the remediation of polluted water ecosystems, i.e., rivers, lakes, and estuaries. Fourteen case histories are presented for introduction of practical applications of Living Machine in bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and water reuse. The technology provides opportunities for environmental and water resources education, showcasing its water reuse advantages with broad applications in water shortage areas, such as California, Nevada, and New Mexico.