Hate speech, contentious symbols and politics of memory: Survey research on Croatian citizens' attitudes

Abstract

The authors are presenting and interpreting the data on Croatian citizens' attitudes on regulating hate speech, contentious symbols and public commemoration. The data was collected in two nation-wide surveys conducted in 2016 and 2018. The data is analyzed within a normative framework of militant democracy versus anti-democratic tendencies. In the conclusion the authors, invoking the available data, advocate a minimal model of regulating public speech by focusing on public utterances of direct and symbolic hate speech.