Natural polyphenols as prospective inhibitors for MMPs remodeling in human diseases

Abstract

ECM composition and turnover is carefully regulated by various proteases, among which the most important are matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Many MMP inhibitors have been followed as clinical applicants for targeting MMPs, but most of these studies have failed during clinical trials due to side effects resulting from broad-spectrum inhibition and inefficiency of inhibitors and regulation of MMPs during diseases is very complicated. Development of MMPs inhibitors from natural products showed beneficial effects in various diseases like cancer, cardiovascular, skin-aging, neurodegenerative diseases, and other. These natural products include secondary metabolites of edible and nonedible plants, such as polyphenols, monophenols, and others. Polyphenols are ample micronutrients in our diet and its beneficial effects depend on the quantity consumed and on their bioavailability. In this chapter, the various types of polyphenols, such as flavonoids, curcuminoids, phenolic acids, etc. and their biological activity to regulate the MMPs in cancer, cardiovascular and other diseases are reviewed.