Multipath data transmission in IoT networks using fractional firefly algorithm and chicken swarm optimization

Abstract

Integration of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) with the Internet Protocol (IP) has led to the development of Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks with high connectivity and improved data transmission with limited power supplies. Hence, it is necessary to utilize a high performance multi-path routing protocol to avoid energy constraint problems and network connectivity issues. This paper presents an optimal multi-path routing protocol using multi objective algorithms namely Fractional Firefly algorithm with Chicken Swarm Optimization (FFA+CSO) to resolve the energy constraint problem. First the network is clustered and a Cluster Head (CH) is selected to initiate inter-cluster and intra-cluster communication. Fractional Firefly algorithm (FFA) has been developed for this purpose by overcoming the slow convergence and local optima problem of firefly algorithm. FFA selects CH based on energy, delay, link quality and lifetime. Then the routes are formed and optimal route is selected using Chicken Swarm Optimization (CSO) based on energy, inter and intra-cluster delay, link quality, lifetime and hop count. The proposed FFA+CSO routing protocol is evaluated using Network Simulator-2. Results obtained for 100 nodes showed that FFA+CSO provided efficient multipath data transmission for WSN based IoT networks with 24% less delay, 28% greater throughput, 18.7% lesser energy consumption, 21.6% longer lifetime, 20% higher PSNR and 37.5% less number of hops than the existing routing models.