The role of students’ approaches in foreign language learning

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to analyse how second language learning is supported by language learning strategies (LLS) and various learning approaches, namely, self-efficacy, instrumental motivation, effort and perseverance, and preferences for cooperative or competitive learning. The sample of the research was composed of students in Hungary in Years 5–8 (10–14-year olds, N = 1600). Two questionnaires were used to collect the data: an adapted version of Oxford’s “Strategies Inventory for Language Learning” (SILL) questionnaire and the “Student Characteristics as Learners” questionnaire. A path analysis showed that learning components can be explained differently via language learning strategies and learning approaches. Our results have confirmed our hypotheses that strategy use significantly influences several learning approaches in the sample. Students, who willingly apply their language learning strategies set their learning goals more confidently, plan their learning process more consciously as they learn, and develop more self-efficacy and motivation towards language learning.