Association of tobacco and marijuana use with symptoms of depression and anxiety among adolescents and young adults in Texas

Abstract

INTRODUCTION Young people with depression and/or anxiety may self-medicate with tobacco or tobacco with marijuana to reduce their symptoms. This study sought to differentiate between the use of tobacco products as intended and tobacco products modified to accommodate marijuana, and to explore their relationships with symptoms of depression and anxiety among youth and young adults. METHODS The study is a secondary analysis of Wave 9 (Spring 2019) data from the Texas Adolescent Tobacco and Marketing Surveillance (TATAMS) (n=2439, N=274030). Anxiety and major depressive symptoms were measured by GAD-7 and PHQ-9, respectively. RESULTS The odds of reporting current use of e-cigarettes without marijuana (adjusted prevalence odds ratio, APOR=2.34; 95% CI: 1.30–4.21, p=0.005) and current use of combustible tobacco without marijuana (APOR=2.99; 95% CI: 1.26–7.09, p=0.014) were significantly higher among those who reported depression/anxiety comorbidity compared to those who reported no symptoms of major depressive symptoms (MDS), anxiety or comorbidity. The odds of reporting ever use of e-cigarettes with marijuana (APOR=3.68; 95% CI: 1.69– 8.00, p=0.001), current use of e-cigarettes with marijuana (APOR=2.76; 95% CI: 1.28–5.97, p=0.01) and ever use of combustible tobacco with marijuana (APOR=3.99; 95% CI: 1.66–9.58, p=0.002) were significantly higher among those reporting only MDS compared to those who reported no symptoms of MDS, anxiety or comorbidity. CONCLUSIONS The study findings can have implications for intervention planning, as interventions need to address marijuana and nicotine use in tobacco products and address anxiety and depression.