Creation and Destruction of Jobs in Urban Labour Market: Role of Gender, Caste and Religion in India

Abstract

This study analyses labour market transitions from job to jobless or jobless to job by using Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) of India in urban labour market by applying first-order Markov process in constructing transition matrices and panel logit regression model using personal level information from the PLFS in India for 2019–20. While education is assumed to be the most important factor influencing the process of transitions in the labour market, the circumstance variables like gender, caste and religion are expected to have significant effects on it in a country like India. The empirical results show a significant difference in labour market transitions between men and women. The movement of workers between job status was very low and the major part of the transition occurred in the form of job losses for each type of workers both among men and women and also among all working age group and young age group.