A randomized controlled trial of nurse coaching vs. Herbal supplementation for weight reduction in soldiers

Abstract

The number of overweight and obese service members has tripled since the beginning of Overseas Contingency Operations.1 Overwhelming evidence suggesting links between obesity and increased risk for conditions such as musculoskeletal injuries, type II diabetes, and cardiovascular disease,2 poses a threat to the strength and performance of our current and future fighting force. Objective: The purpose of the study was to test nurse health coaching (NHC) and/or herbal supplementation for weight reduction in Soldiers during a 12-week intervention. Methods: Body composition, biomarkers, adherence, and motivation were measured at three time points. The NHC provided a weekly scripted interaction. Change scores were compared across study groups using general linear models. Results: Sample demographics (N = 435): mean age 30 ± 8.2 years, 73.4% men, predominantly white (70.1%) and non-Hispanic (80%), 71% married, and 91% enlisted. Results represent the 3 NHC groups compared to control group. Beneficial intervention effects were observed for heel bone mineral density (d = 0.3), 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (d = 0.43), and fasting blood sugar (d = −0.4), but were not significant following application of a 10% false discovery rate. There were no significant findings for any other comparisons. Conclusion: Weight loss proved difficult for all groups; there was no advantage of NHC over an herbal supplement as adjuncts to Army MOVE! for weight reduction. Highly motivated Soldiers were unable to sustain weight loss or body composition changes.