Experience in the management of severe COVID-19 patients in an intensive care unit

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics and management of severe COVID-19 patients. Method: Observational, descriptive, longitudinal, and retrospective study. Results: 56 patients were admitted, of whom 80.3% (n = 45) were males with a mean age of 58 years [46-67]. The main comorbidities were obesity, high blood pressure, and diabetes. Symptoms onset time at admittance to the ICU was 9 [7-14] days, of which the most frequent were dyspnea, fever, and dry cough. Laboratory data were lymphopenia; elevation of LDH, fibrinogen, D-dimer, ferritin and CRP. 100% of the patients required mechanical ventilation, the median mechanical ventilation time was 12 [6-17] days, and 66% (n= 37) required a prone position. The pharmacological treatment was mainly based on azithromycin, hydroxychloroquine, tocilizumab and steroids. The most frequent complications were acute kidney injury, venous thromboembolism and acute myocardial infarction. Mortality rate was 17.8% (n = 10). Conclusion: The characteristics of the critically ill patients in our hospital were mostly elderly and obese, with the variables of higher SOFA score and acute kidney injury associated with higher mortality.