DC Motor Speed Controller Design using Pulse Width Modulation

Abstract

DC Motor is an electric motor that requires a direct current voltage supply on the field coil to be converted into mechanical energy motion. In this study, a control system automation is made to control the rotation speed of motor DC in order to maintain the speed with load changes. PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) principle is used as speed stability control system for loaded DC motor with PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) method. PID is one of the controllers used for improving the performance of a system, including DC motor rotation control system. The speed of the response and error steady state are the parameters measured to evaluate the performance of the proposal control system PID control in this study is implemented through personalized software (PC) where the values obtained are copied into program or C source code to run DC motor. The best condition with PID tuning method in Matrix Laboratory software is obtained at the value of control constant Kp = 0,53, Ki = 0,63, Kd = 0,07 with 5,61% over shoot, and average travel time when lifting weights with a distance of 1 m 1 meter = 5,54 seconds, 2 meters = 9,60 meters, 3 meters = 11,50 seconds, 4 meters = 16,48 seconds, and 5 meters = 19,71 seconds.