Geology of Arid Lands

Abstract

The fundamental framework of arid lands aquifers and aquifer systems is formed by variations in the geology, which dictate subsurface hydraulic conditions. A voluminous literature exists on the geomorphology and geology of arid lands and dedicated books have been written on many aspects of these subjects. Therefore, the discussion on the geology has been necessarily condensed into an introduction of the various types of geological deposits found in arid and semi-arid lands, and how the geology of these lands controls the flow and storage of water. Of particular importance is the relationship between rainfall, surface water (runoff), and groundwater recharge.