Mechanisms of Change in Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Adults With ADHD

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Abstract

Objective: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) has been demonstrated to be effective in adults with ADHD. The aim of the current study was to examine its possible working mechanisms. Method: In the context of an randomized controlled trial (RCT), MBCT + TAU (treatment as usual) (n = 43) versus TAU (n = 51), we used mediation analyses to examine whether reduction of clinician-rated ADHD symptoms and improvement of positive mental health at 6-month follow-up had been mediated by change in mindfulness skills, self-compassion, and executive functioning over the course of MBCT. Results: Increase of self-compassion mediated improvement of positive mental health at 6-month follow-up. Improvement of mindfulness skills or self-compassion did not mediate the reduction in ADHD symptoms. Additional analyses suggest that self-reported inhibition did. Conclusion: The effect of MBCT on ADHD symptoms and positive mental health thus occurred via different mechanisms of change, that is, by improvements in inhibition and self-compassion, respectively.

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Geurts, D. E. M., Schellekens, M. P. J., Janssen, L., & Speckens, A. E. M. (2021). Mechanisms of Change in Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Adults With ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 25(9), 1331–1342. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054719896865

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