Prevalencia de hipertension arterial y factores asociados en la poblacion rural marginada

Abstract

Objective. To determine the prevalence and risk factors related to systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) in the rural marginated population of Durango, Mexico. Material and methods. A comparative cross-sectional study was performed in 627 rural communities, approximately 90% of which have 250 inhabitants or less. The arterial pressure and sociodemographic variables were determined. Results. A total of 5 802 subjects were studied, 4 452 women (76.7%) and 1 350 men (23.3%). SAH was found in 1 271 individuals (21.9%; CI 95% 20.8-23.0) of which 1 011 were women (22.71%; CI 95% 21.5-23.9) and 260 were men (19.26%; CI 95% 17.2-21.4). Of the target population, 3 018 individuals (52.0%) live in communities of less than 250 inhabitants, 2 080 (60.9%) women and 938 (31.1%) men. In this group, SAH was identified in 445 cases (14.74%; CI 95% 13.5-16.0) of which 326 are women (15.7%; CI 95% 14.1-17.3) and 119, men (12.7%; CI 95% 10.6-14.9). The main risk factors related to SAH were obesity, type 2 diabetes, alcohol and tobacco consumption. Conclusions. The prevalence of SAH in the rural marginated population is apparently related to the degree of development of the communities.