Parental urinary biomarkers of preconception exposure to bisphenol A and phthalates in relation to birth outcomes

Abstract

Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates are ubiquitous non-persistent endocrine disrupting chemicals whose relation with infant birth size is not clearly understood. Methods: We examined associations between maternal and paternal preconception urinary concentrations of total BPA and 14 phthalate metabolites and birth size for 233 infants. Multiple linear regression models were used to estimate parental quartiles of BPA and phthalates in relation to birth weight, length, head circumference, and ponderal index with separate models run for each parent adjusting for age, smoking, body mass index, education, alcohol, parity, and creatinine. Models also included an interaction term for each chemical and infant sex and were further adjusted to include the other partner's chemical concentrations. Results: In maternal models adjusted for partner's exposure and covariates, reductions in birth weight (range: 178-215 g; p∈