Prognosis of patients with left ventricular diastolic pressure abnormality: A long-term survival study in patients without coronary artery disease

Abstract

Background: Given that an elevated left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic pressure reflects an abnormality of diastolic function, we analyzed the outcome of this finding in patients without coronary artery disease (CAD). Hypothesis: The degree to which diastolic dysfunction influences mortality has been confounded in most studies by CAD and advanced age. Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 876 patients with normal coronary arteries on arteriography. Of these, 115 patients had a left ventricular end-diastolic pressure of ≥ 15 mmHg with an ejection fraction (EF) ≥ 50%. We compared the mortality in this group (Group A) with the reported outcome in the general population, adjusted for age, gender, and race, as well as the mortality of a group of patients from the same cohort (Group B) with both diastolic and systolic dysfunction (n = 60), defined as a LVEF < 50%. Results: Follow-up was for a mean of 63 months. In Group A, all-cause mortality was 5% (six patients); two deaths were from cardiac causes. The mean annual mortality in this group (1:2%) was similar to the adjusted annual mortality of the general population (1.1%), and it was significantly lower than the annual mortality (6%) in Group B (p < 0.03). Conclusions: Our study results indicate that diastolic dysfunction with a normal EF, in the absence of CAD and systolic dysfunction, has an excellent prognosis over a long period (5-6 years).