Super-resolution microscopy of the neuronal calcium-binding proteins calneuron-1 and caldendrin

Abstract

Calcium (Ca2+) signaling in neurons is mediated by plethora of calcium binding proteins with many of them belonging to the Calmodulin family of calcium sensors. Many studies have shown that the subcellular localization of neuronal EF-hand Ca2+-sensors is crucial for their cellular function. To overcome the resolution limit of classical fluorescence and confocal microscopy various imaging techniques have been developed recently that improve the resolution by an order of magnitude in all dimensions. This new microscope techniques make co-localization studies of Ca2+-binding proteins more reliable and help to get insights into the macromolecular organization of intracellular structures and signaling pathways beyond the diffraction limit of visible light. © Springer Science+Business Media 2013.