Perbedaan pola rugae palatina sebelum dan sesudah perawatan dengan alat ortodonti lepasan Differences in palatal rugae patterns before and after the removable orthodontic appliances treatment

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Pola rugae palatina memiliki karakteristik yang unik pada setiap individu, yang dapat dijadikan sarana identifikasi individu di bidang forensik kedokteran gigi, namun berbagai kontraversi muncul mengenai karakteristik rugae palatina secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif sesudah dilakukan perawatan ortodonti. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan pola rugae palatina sebelum dan sesudah perawatan dengan alat ortodonti lepasan. Metode: Penelitian bersifat observasional dengan sampel penelitian terdiri dari 111 model studi sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan perawatan ortodonti. Teknik sampling adalah purposive sampling, dari pasien maloklusi dento-alveolar kelas I, usia 18-30 tahun di RSGM FKG Unpad. Data penelitian dideskripsikan dan dianalisis dengan uji statistik Wilcoxon (ɑ = 0,05) untuk mengetahui perbedaan pola rugae palatina sebelum dan sesudah perawatan ortodonti. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, ukuran rugae palatina sebelum dilakukan perawatan terbanyak adalah rugae primer (85.2%), rugae sekunder (13.4%), rugae fragmen (1.37%), sesudah perawatan rugae primer (85.5%), rugae sekunder (13.2%), rugae fragmen (1.3%). Berdasarkan arah, rugae palatina sebelum perawatan arah postero-anterior (44.5%), antero-posterior (38.6%), sesudah perawatan arah posterior-anterior (44.9%), antero-posterior (38.3%). Arah perpendikular (8.7%) dan berbagai arah (8.2%) baik sebelum maupun sesudah perawatan. Uji beda menunjukan, tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan sebelum dan sesudah perawatan ortodonti. Simpulan: Pola rugae palatina yang sering muncul sebelum dan sesudah perawatan ortodonti adalah rugae primer dengan arah postero-anterior, tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan sebelum dan sesudah perawatan ortodonti. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Palatal rugae patterns have unique characteristics in each individual, which can be used as a means of identifying individuals in the field of dentistry forensics, but various contraceptives arise about the characteristics of palatal rugae qualitatively and quantitatively after orthodontic treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in palatal rugae patterns before and after treatment with removable orthodontic devices. Methods: The study was observational with a study sample consisting of 111 study models before and after orthodontic treatment. The sampling technique was purposive sampling, from class I dento-alveolar malocclusion patients, aged 18-30 years at FKG Unpad Hospital. The research data was described and analyzed by Wilcoxon statistical test (ɑ = 0.05) to determine differences in palatal rugae patterns before and after orthodontic treatment. Results: The results showed that the size of palatal rugae before treatment was the primary rugae (85.2%), secondary rugae (13.4%), fragment rugae (1.37%), after primary rugae treatment (85.5%), secondary rugae (13.2%) , rugae fragment (1.3%). Based on direction, palatal rugae prior to postero-anterior (44.5%), antero-posterior (38.6%) treatment, after posterior-anterior (44.9%), antero-posterior (38.3%) treatment. Perpendicular direction (8.7%) and various directions (8.2%) both before and after treatment. Different tests showed that there were no significant differences before and after orthodontic treatment. Conclusion: The palatal rugae pattern that often occurs before and after orthodontic treatment is the primary rugae with postero-anterior direction, there are no significant differences before and after orthodontic treatment.Keywords: Odontological forensics, orthodontic treatment, palatal rugae pattern.